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Closer look at fuel delivery

Both fuel injection and carburetor fuel delivery systems have both been around almost as long as automobiles, but carburetors had always been the most reliable for gasoline powered four stroke engines.

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© Kasiden | Dreamstime.com – Holley 600 CFM Aluminum Street Carburetor Photo

The technology for a gasoline injection system was perfected as early as the ‘60’s. There have been no internal combustion engines, produced by the major American manufacturers, using a carburetor since the early ‘90’s. A newer passenger car, will come equipped with a fuel injection system. The biggest advantage of injectors is the highly pressurized gas/air mix is a vapor and can be more precisely calibrated, achieving optimum power results with minimum emissions for  engines using a Catalytic converter. These units reduce and cleanse some of the toxic gases released from an engine and became mandatory on all vehicles manufactured in the United States for the 1975 model year, coinciding with the introduction of EPA mandated unleaded gas. Prior to ’75 no passenger vehicle had a catalytic converter and engines of the day work fine, powered by gas that has lead added for lubrication.. The converters do not work at all with highly toxic leaded gas and do not perform thier job as proficiently with a carburator. Relying on suction, carburetors, produce an uneven air pressure at either end of the air intake, then enhance the pressure through a venturi tube, which puts a limit on the results

The highest performance engines will have a precise volume of the vaporized fuel injected forcefully into the intake manifold. A vintage large bore V8 muscle car engine will give better fuel economy and produce more power with an increase in torque if it is equipped with an electronic fuel injection system. Fuel injection forces a larger mass of pressurized fuel/air vapor at a set volume into the firing chamber through a nozzle. .

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© Denali55 | Dreamstime.com – Twin Four Barrel Carburetor. Photo

The carburetor is simply designed, but relatively inexpensive and works very well for any vintage high performance engine, although fuel injection will deliver more..  A naturally aspirated carburetor means it relies on ambient air pressure as opposed to a forced air induction  system obtained with a Turbo or Supercharger..

The Turbocharger or turbo increases an engine’s power through a turbine forced induction system operated by the engines exhaust gases. The atomized fuel/air mix enters the firing chamber of an internal combustion engine by forced induction, increasing the volume of fuel in each cylinder, making every explosion more powerful. The turbo compressor increases the intake pressure of the engine, with dramatically improved performance when compared to a naturally aspirated carburetor. The device was originally marketed as a “turbosupercharger”, although now a turbo and a supercharged engine perform the same forced induction, the method is different. There is another twist as well, with some systems employing both methods to power the device at the same time.

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© Gorbovoi81 | Dreamstime.com – Supercharger Photo

The Supercharger is a mechanically operated version of a turbocharger. The power for the conventional supercharger is taken from the engine’s crankshaft by belts, chains, a shaft, a gearing system or any combination could be the means. The disadvantage to the mechanical system is a supercharged system takes power from the engine initially in order to work. The supercharger is efficient and can generate far more horse power than needed for its operation, but possibly up to 25% or more of the extra horse power produced is needed to operate the system.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_XX3QpKsZM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlIe4Mp1aiY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qza9U_GWW3A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZgsCp_o6kY

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